Page 43 - WEF Reoprt 2020

Notes

1 Oreskes, N., M. Oppenheimer and D. Jamie- 9 In 2018, the IPCC estimated the remaining
son. 2019. “Scientists Have Been Under- carbon budget for a 66% chance of avoiding
estimating the Pace of Climate Change: A 1.5°C of temperature rise was 420 giga-
Book Entitled Discerning Experts Explains tonnes of CO —about 10 times global annual
2
Why—and What Can Be Done about It”. CO emissions from fossil fuels and land-use
2
Scientific American. 19 August 2019. https:// change. See McSweeney, R. and R. Pearce.
blogs.scientificamerican.com/observa- 2017. “Analysis: Just Four Years Left of the
tions/scientists-have-been-underestimat- 1.5C Carbon Budget”. Carbon Countdown.
ing-the-pace-of-climate-change/ Carbon Brief. 05 April 2017. https://www.
carbonbrief.org/analysis-four-years-left-one-
2 Schwartz, J. and N. Popovich. 2019. “It’s point-five-carbon-budget
Official: 2018 Was the Fourth-Warmest
Year on Record”. The New York Times. 06 10 The Club of Rome. 2019. “Nations Should
February 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/ Declare a Planetary Emergency Says Club
interactive/2019/02/06/climate/fourth-hottest- of Rome”. The Club of Rome. 24 Sep-
year.html; Kaufman, M. 2019. “All the Ways tember 2019. https://www.clubofrome.
Climate Change Has Impacted Earth in 2019 org/2019/09/24/nations-should-declare-a-
(So Far)”. Mashable. 16 March 2019. https:// planetary-emergency-says-club-of-rome/;
mashable.com/article/climate-change-2019- see also Club of Rome. 2019. “Planetary
list/ Emergency Plan”. https://www.clubofrome.
org/2019/09/23/planetary-emergency-plan/
3 Harvey, F. 2019. “One Climate Crisis Dis-
aster Happening Every Week, UN Warns”. 11 UNDP (United Nations Development Pro-
The Guardian. 07 July 2019. https://www. gramme). 2013. New York: “Gender and Dis-
theguardian.com/environment/2019/jul/07/ aster Risk Reduction”. Gender and Climate
one-climate-crisis-disaster-happening-every- Change: Asia and the Pacific Policy Brief 3.
week-un-warns UNDP. https://www.undp.org/content/dam/
undp/library/gender/Gender%20and%20En-
4 The Economist. 2019. “The Greenland Ice vironment/PB3-AP-Gender-and-disaster-risk-
Sheet Is Melting Unusually Fast”. The Econ- reduction.pdf
omist. 17 July 2019. https://www.economist.
com/graphic-detail/2019/06/17/the-green- 12 Christensen, J. 2019. “250,000 Deaths
land-ice-sheet-is-melting-unusually-fast?fs- a Year from Climate Change Is a ‘Con-
rc=gp_en?fsrc=scn/tw/te/bl/ed/thegreen- servative Estimate,’ Research Says”. CNN
landicesheetismeltingunusuallyfastdailychart Health. 16 January 2019. https://edition.cnn.
com/2019/01/16/health/climate-change-
5 Kulp, S. A. and B. H. Strauss. 2019. “New health-emergency-study/index.html
Elevation Data Triple Estimates of Global
Vulnerability to Sea-Level Rise and Coast- 13 Ebi, K. L., J. J. Hess and P. Watkiss. 2017.
al Flooding”. Nature Communications. 10 “Chapter 8: Health Risks and Costs of
(4844). 29 October 2019. https://www. Climate Variability and Change”. In Injury
nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12808-z; Prevention and Environmental Health, 3
rd
McGrath, M. 2019. “Climate Change: Global edition, edited by C. N. Mock, R. Nugent, O.
Impacts ‘Accelerating’ – WMO”. BBC News. Kobusingye and K. R. Smith. Washington,
28 March 2019. https://www.bbc.com/news/ DC: International Bank for Reconstruction
science-environment-47723577 and Development/World Bank. https://www.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525226/
6 Marsh & McLennan. 2019. The Burning Issue:
Managing Wildfire Risk. https://www.mmc. 14 IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
com/insights/publications/2019/oct/wildfire- Change). 2019. Special Report on the Ocean
paper--oct--2019-.html and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate.
IPCC. https://www.ipcc.ch/srocc/home/
7 UNEP (United Nations Environment Pro-
gramme). 2019. Emissions Gap Report 15 Kulp and Strauss. 2019. Op. cit.
2019. Nairobi: UNEP. https://wedocs.unep.
org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/30797/ 16 Woods Hole Research Center. 2019. “Study:
EGR2019.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Winter Carbon Emissions Shifting Permafrost
Region to a Carbon Source”. Post. 21 Octo-
8 IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate ber 2019. https://whrc.org/study-winter-car-
Change). 2018. Summary for Policymakers. bon-emissions-shifting-permafrost-region-to-
In Global Warming of 1.5°C: An IPCC Special a-carbon-source/
Report. Geneva: World Meteorological Or-
ganization. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/
uploads/sites/2/2018/07/SR15_SPM_ver-
sion_stand_alone_LR.pdf; https://www.ipcc.
ch/sr15/

38 A Decade Left